Objective To study the characteristics of tick-borne pathogenic populations using 16S rDNA full-length sequencing and laboratory test data, and to provide a basis for pathogen control. Methods Fifty ticks were selected from the dominant tick species in Qi county, Shanxi province, China. Whole genome DNA was extracted after morphological and genetic identification. The species and taxonomic abundance of microorganisms in ticks were analyzed using 16S rDNA full-length high-throughput sequencing on the PacBio platform. According to the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the specific genes of tick-borne pathogens were identified by PCR for a comprehensive analysis of tick-borne pathogens. Results The 16S rDNA full-length sequencing analysis showed that all the 50 ticks carried Coxiella burnetii and Pseudomonas, 8 ticks carried Anaplasma phagocytophilum, some ticks carried Rickettsia and Ehrlichia (only identified at the genus level), and Borrelia was not detected. The PCR results showed that C. endosymbiont, Borrelia burgdorferi, B. miyamotoi, and spotted fever group rickettsia were detected in 50 ticks. Conclusion High-throughput 16S rDNA full-length sequencing can simultaneously detect a variety of pathogens and identify the main tick-borne pathogens in the area, though some pathogens are identified at the genus level, which requires combination with pathogen-specific tests for comprehensive detection of tick-borne pathogens in the area.

Objective To investigate the species composition and regional distribution of ticks in Changbai mountain area of Jilin province, China. Methods From May to June 2017, ticks were collected on vegetation and as parasites on the body surfaces of cattle and sheep in 19 counties (cities) across the Changbai mountain area in Jilin province, and were brought back to laboratory for species identification by morphology. Results A total of 16 512 ticks in 1 family, 3 genera, and 5 species were collected, 13 532 of which were from vegetation and 2 980 from the body surfaces of cattle and sheep. The tick species included Ixodes persulcatus, Haemaphysalis concinna, H. japonica, H. longicornis, and Dermacentor silvarum. The ticks from vegetation included I. persulcatus (32.60%), H. japonica (24.42%), H. longicornis (17.89%), D. silvarum (16.14%), H. concinna (8.40%), and ticks with unidentified species (0.55%); the proportions of different tick species were significantly different ( χ ²=6 275.311, P<0.001). The ticks from the body surfaces of cattle and sheep included I. persulcatus (33.05%), H. Japonica (32.62%), D. silvarum (24.70%), H. longicornis (5.54%), and H. concinna (4.09%); their proportions were also significantly different ( χ ²=1 515.801, P<0.001). I. persulcatus was mainly distributed in Fusong county (92.52%) and Wangqing county (75.54%), H. japonica in Panshi city (64.57%), D. silvarum in Antu county (80.94%) and Shulan city (77.41%), H. longicornis in Tumen city (100%), Hunchun city (98.85%), and Ji'an city (98.55%), and H. concinna in Longjing city (71.52%); there were significant differences in the species composition of ticks from different regions (all P<0.001). Conclusion The tick species distributed in the Changbai mountain area in Jilin province have a great diversity and obvious regional distribution characteristics. It is necessary to strengthen the background investigation of tick species in this area in order to actively prevent and control tick-borne diseases.

Lyme disease is an important emerging infectious disease, which is mainly transmitted by tick-biting in humans and animals. The pathogen of this disease is Borrelia burgdorferi. The risk of B. burgdorferi infection in humans is associated with the distribution of tick species, geographical factors, and human activities. This article reviews the epidemic situation, genotype distribution, main vectors, animal hosts, and prevention and control measures of Lyme disease, in order to provide a reference for the surveillance and control of Lyme disease.

Objective To investigate the infection status of tick vectors with Borrelia burgdorferi in Qiongzhong area of Hainan province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the local prevention and control of Lyme disease. Methods A total of 120 parasitic ticks were collected from cattle in Qiongzhong area. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the 16S rRNA gene of the ticks, and sequence analysis was performed to identify tick species. Nested-PCR was used to determine the infection rate of B. burgdorferi in ticks, and a homology analysis was performed based on the sequencing results to determine the genotypes of B. burgdorferi. Results All of the 120 ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus microplus, among which 44 tested positive for B. burgdorferi, with a positive rate of 36.67%. The homology analysis indicated that the R. microplus in Qiongzhong area could be infected with B. burgdorferi of various genotypes, including B. afzelii (56.82%), B. yangtze (25.00%), and B. garinii (18.18%). Conclusion The parasitic ticks in Qiongzhong area of Hainan province were infected with B. burgdorferi of various genotypes, with a high infection rate and risk of Lyme disease transmission. The local investigation and surveillance of Lyme disease in humans and hosts should be enhanced.

Objective To investigate the quantity, distribution, and occurrence dynamics of important vectors by emergency monitoring of vectors after flood in Jintang county of Sichuan province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling the outbreak and prevalence of vector-borne infectious diseases after flood. Methods On July 12, 2018, the first day after flood, the densities of flies and rodents were observed in the flooded areas of Jintang county. A mosquito lamp was used to observe the density of mosquitoes, and the rodent trace method was used to observe the density of rodents. Results Mosquitoes and flies were the key vectors for biological control. After sterilization, the mean density of mosquitoes was 1.78 mosquitoes/lamp·hour, the density of flies decreased from 29.30 flies/m ² to 6.44 flies/m ², and the mean density of rodents was 0.66 places/km. Environmental health was restored and the breeding sites of mosquitoes and files were effectively controlled. Conclusion By summarizing and analyzing the data of vector monitoring after flood, we can first clean up the important breeding garbage and carry out accurate insecticidal control to guide prevention and control, so as to effectively prevent and control the outbreak and prevalence of vector-borne infectious diseases.

Objective Nested PCR and quantitative real-time PCR were applied to identify the infection of Borrelia burgdorferi in rodents in this study, so that application of these two methods in host surveillance of Lyme disease can be evaluated. Methods The rodents were collected from Guertu, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during July to September in 2017. The rodents were examined for the presence of B. burgdorferi by nested PCR and real-time PCR. Results In total of 134 rodent samples, the positive rate by nested PCR was 13.43% with 18 positive samples identified, whereas 17 samples were identified positive by qRT-PCR assay and the positive rate was 12.69%. The cycle threshold( Ct) value was 33.49-37.89. There was no significant difference between the two assays ( χ ²=0.000, P=1.000). All the positives were detected from Spermophilus undulatus. Conclusion The results suggested that both nested PCR and real-time PCR could be used in identifying B. burgdorferi in rodents. Combination of these two assays could increase the positive rate. The results of nested PCR could provide local-predominant genotypes; however bacterial loads can be estimated by qRT-PCR assay.

Objective Investigateon on vectors was carried out to identify the natural foci of Lyme disease in Nanyanggou forest area of Fangshan county of Lyuliang, Shanxi province. Methods Flagging and trapping methods were used to collect ticks, BSKⅡ media was used to isolate Lyme spirochetes from ticks. MLSA method was used to genotype the isolates. Results About 300 ticks were collected from Nanyanggou forest area, including Ixodes persulcatus, Haemaphysalis concinna, and Dermacentorm marginatus. Ixodes persulcatus was the predorminant species, which was accounted for 80% among the ticks. Two strains were isolated from I. persulcatus and H. concinna, respectively. MLSA analysis showed that 2 strains isolated from ticks belonged to Borrelia garinii. Conclusion There exists natural foci of Lyme disease in Lyuliang, Shanxi province. Detailed survey on people, vector and rodents should be carried out to provide data for prevention and control of Lyme disease in this area.

Objective To investigate the bacterial community composition and diversity in Haemaphysalis longicornis. Methods The metagenomic 16S rDNA V3-V4 profiling of bacteria were sequenced by Illumina Miseq PE300 sequencing platform to describe the bacterial community in H. longicornis ticks, to evaluate bacterial population diversity and to identify the predominant microorganisms and distribution of pathogens. Results A total of 1 070 624 Tags and 145 479 OTUs were obtained for the study. Rarefaction analysis showed a rare factional Shannon-Wiener index reaching a plateau, which indicated that sufficient numbers of sequences had been sequenced for diversity analyses and the richness of bacteria of H. longicornis. The predominated phyla in the H. longicornis were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes sequentially. Gammaproteobacteria class showed the highest relative abundance. Also we identified a core bacterial community and divided the ticks into two groups. The 21 and 11 unique bacterial communities were detected in individual group, GⅠ and GⅡ respectively. A large number of pathogenic bacteria and opportunistic pathogens were found, there were no Spirochaeta and Mycoplasma present in the tick samples. Conclusion The bacterial community structure and distribution of pathogens obtained from H. longicornis ticks showed a high diversity.

Objective To identify the Borrelia burgdorferi in Glires in Huzhu, Zekog, and Qilian county, Qinghai province. Methods A total of 202 Glires were collected from forest in the counties, Qinghai province. All the collected samples were examined for B. burgdorferi by nested PCR. Results In total of 202 samples, 49 samples were tested positive by 24.26%. Positive rate was 17.91% (12/67) in Huzhu county, 34.62% (27/78) in Zekog county and 17.54% (10/57) in Qilian county. There was significant difference with positive rate of B. burgdorferi in Glires among these three counties(χ²=7.40, P<0.05). Conclusion Our research confirmed the existence of B. burgdorferi in Glires in three counties in Qinghai province. We suggested that the further investigation on local vectors and human infections be conducted for prevention and control of Lyme disease.

Objective To provide a scientific basis for confirmation of typical Lyme disease by serological analysis of the first suspected case of Lyme disease in Shanxi province, China and to improve the clinicians’recognition of Lyme disease for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Methods Using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blot (WB), the patient suspected of Lyme disease was tested for anti-Borrelia burgdorferiIgM and IgG antibodies. A comprehensive analysis was conducted given clinical symptoms. Tests were repeated half a month later. Results In the first test, IgM antibodies were detected by IFA and WB. The titer of IgM antibodies was1∶64 in IFA, and two protein bands, P41 and P31, were present in WB.IgG antibodies were not found by any of the two tests. In the second test half a month later, IgG antibodies were positive in both IFA and WB. The titer of IgG antibodies went up to1∶256 in IFA, and two protein bands, P41 and P31, were present in WB. IgM antibodies were not found by any of the two approaches. Conclusion Based on the clinical history and progression of disease, as well as the serological results of this research, the diagnosis of Lyme disease can be confirmed, indicating the existence of typical Lyme disease in Shanxi province.

Objective To investigate the natural progression of Borrelia burgdorferi infection among the human population in some natural foci in Xinjiang, China and the genotypes of B. burgdorferi. Methods In 2006, 119 human subjects, who were randomly selected from 1390 negative cases of 1406 individuals receiving a seroepidemiological survey of B. burgdorferi infection in the summer of 2002, as well as the 16 positive cases in the 2002 survey, were included in the study. Serum samples of each individual were collected in 2002 and 2006 and examined for the IgM and IgG to B. burgdorferi by Western blot, and a questionnaire survey was performed to investigate the frequency of manifestation of Lyme disease. In addition, urine samples were collected from the 135 subjects and examined by nest PCR to amplify 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer of B. burgdorferi;some of the PCR positive products were sequenced to determine the genotypes of B. burgdorferi. The PCR detection results were compared with the serological test results. Results Of the 1406 serum samples in 2002, 16 (1.14%) were positive for B. burgdorferi antibodies. In the 16 positive cases, 12 were positive for IgM, 2 were positive for IgG, and 2 were positive for both IgM and IgG. In 2006, 7 (43.75%) of the 16 positive cases in 2002 became seronegative, 4 IgM-positive cases became IgG-positive, and 5 cases remained IgM-positive. Of the 119 negative cases in 2002, 58 (48.74%) became seropositive, including 14 IgM-positive cases, 25 IgG-positive cases, and 19 IgM-and IgG-positive cases, and 2 cases had a confirmed diagnosis of Lyme disease. In 2006, 67 (49.63%) of the 135 subjects were positive for B. burgdorferi antibodies, including 58 newly found cases and 9 cases that remained positive since 2002. Asymptomatic IgG positive seroconversion rate was 34.07% (46/135) (in 2002, 4 IgM-positive cases became IgG-positive; in 2006, 25 negative cases became IgG-positive and 19 negative cases became IgM-and IgG-positive, and 2 cases had a confirmed diagnosis of Lyme disease). Only 3 (2.22%) of the 135 subjects developed Lyme disease. Of the 135 urine samples, 22 (16.30%) had positive results in PCR detection. The sequence analysis of 8 PCR positive products revealed that 7 of them were B. garinii and the other was B. afzelii. Conclusion Most cases of B. burgdorferi infection are asymptomatic among the human population in the natural foci of Xinjiang, and this infection rarely results in Lyme disease. The most and second most frequent genotypes of B. burgdorferi among Xinjiang population are B. garinii and B. afzelii.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection among the sheep in Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China and to analyze the 16S rRNA gene sequences of An. phagocytophilum. Methods Blood samples were collected from the sheep in Shihezi; total DNA was extracted from these blood samples; the target 16S rRNA gene fragments of An. phagocytophilum were amplified by nest PCR. The sequences of 16S rRNA gene fragments from positive samples were compared with the corresponding gene sequences deposited in GenBank. Results Of the 109 blood samples, 37 (33.94% ) were positive with the target gene fragments. The detected 16S rRNA (524 bp) gene sequences had a sequence homology up to 99% with some 16S rRNA gene sequences of An. phagocytophilum in GenBank. Conclusion The infection with An. phagocytophilum exists among the sheep in Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China.

Objective To evaluate the application of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) and multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) in the genotyping of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Methods Thirty-one strains of B. burgdorferi sensu lato were genotyped by MLVA and MLSA, and the genotyping results were subjected to comparative analysis. Results The MLVA showed that the 31 strains were divided into 4 clusters, with 24 genotypes, 21 of which were unique genotypes; the clustered rate was 24/31, and the distinguishability was 0.969. The MLSA showed that the 31 strains were divided into 4 clusters; every strain was able to be identified separately, but there were 3 nodes with bootstrap values lower than 50%. Conclusion Both MLSA and MLVA are suitable for the genotyping of Lyme disease Borrelia, and a combination of MLVA and MLSA are very useful for genotyping of those uncertain strains.

Objective To study the effect of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of rrf(5S)- rrl(23S) intergenic spacer rRNA in serum for diagnosing suspected Lyme disease patients. Methods Serum samples, epidemiological data, and clinical information of suspected Lyme disease patients were collected. Then, DNA were extracted from the serums and detected by nested PCR and conventional PCR. Results Out of 102 serum samples collected from suspected Lyme disease patients, 39 positive ones were detected by nested PCR, with a positive rate of 38.23%; the bite time of 33(84.62%) was within two months. Only one was positive by conventional PCR, with a positive rate of 0.98%, far less than nested PCR(38.23%). Conclusion For suspected Lyme disease patients' serum samples, nested PCR of rrf(5S)- rrl(23S) intergenic spacer rRNA could be a method to diagnose Lyme disease etiologically.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of indirect immunfluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot (WB) in serologic diagnosis of Lyme disease. Methods Serum samples, epidemiological data and clinical information of potential Lyme disease patients were collected. Serum antibodies (IgM, IgG) against Borrelia burgdorferi were detected by IFA, ELISA and WB. Results were interpreted based on clinical manifestations and epidemiological data. Results Of the 398 serum samples collected from suspected patients, 86 were ELISA-positive (21.61%), including 27 IgM positives and 59 IgG positives; 82 were IFA-positive (20.60%), including 26 IgM positives and 56 IgG positives; and 83 were WB-positive (20.85%), including 31 IgM positives and 52 IgG positives. The positive rate of WB for the diagnosis of patients with erythema migrans (EM) was significantly higher than that of ELISA and IFA (χ²＝6.34, P＜0.05）. Conclusion The combination of IFA, ELISA and WB may improve the sensitivity and specificity of the laboratory diagnosis of Lyme disease. WB has a lower false positive rate than ELISA and IFA.

Objective To analyze the serological Results derived from suspected Lyme Disease patients for efficient diagnosis and treatment. Methods Using the indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA), enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot(WB), suspected Lyme Disease patients were tested for Borrelia burgdorferi IgM and IgG antibodies. A comprehensive analysis was conducted in combination with clinical cases. Results IgG antibodies were positive as shown by IFA, ELISA and WB methods. The titer of IgG antibodies was up to 1∶128 as shown in IFA and two protein bands, P83 and P39, were present in WB. IgM antibodies were negative as shown in the three test approaches. Conclusion Based on the typical clinical course and positive laboratory Results of the patients, the diagnosis of Lyme disease can be confirmed.

Objective To identify the status quo of Lyme infections among the population, vector ticks and host animal rats in the forest region of Changbai and Tonghua counties, Jinlin province. Methods Serological samples were collected in the forest area in Changbai and Tonghua. Ticks and rats were captured at random sites. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was used for serological detection and nested-PCR for etiological detection of tick and rodent samples as well as gene sequencing typing. Pathogenic isolation and culture was done using BSK culture media. Results The seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi IgG was 12.04% (36/299) in human in Changbai and 9.35% (23/246) in Tonghua. The carrying rate in ticks was 27.08% and 20.41% in Changbai (39/144) and Tonghua (20/98), respectively, while the carrying rate in rodents was 10.00% in both counties (4/40, 1/10). The sequence homology analysis showed that the ticks and rats were carrying the genotype Borrelia garinii. Conclusion Lyme infection was serologically evident in human in Changbai and Tonghua’s forest areas. Etiological Results showed that Ixodes persulcatus and Apodemus agrarius were the key vector and host of Lyme disease in this region.

Objective To identify the clinical manifestations and regional distribution of Lyme disease by analyzing the serological testing for suspected patients, providing scientific evidence for proper management of the disease. Methods The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) were employed for the detection of serum antibodies(IgM, IgG) against Borrelia burgdorferi for suspected Lyme disease patients. The results were then comprehensively interpreted combining clinical manifestations. Results From 2007 to 2008, a total of 105 suspected Lyme disease patients were subject to the analysis, resulting in 16 positives (15.24%), including 4 out of 44 patients with neurological disorders; 1 out of 5 patients with cardiovascular conditions, 6 out of 25 patients with skin lesions; 1 out of 10 fever patients; 2 out of 14 arthralgia patients; and 2 out of 7 patients with mental disorders. Of the 16 patients distributed in 9 provinces, 87.50% responded favorably to the application of antibiotics. Most confirmed patients were from Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia. Conclusion Sporadic spirochete infections were observed in Chinese population. Serological testing contributes to the early detection of Lyme disease and the improvement of efficient diagnosis and treatment.

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the situation of the reservoir hosts and vectors infected by Borrelia burgdorferi, the distribution of the reservoir hosts and the seasonal fluctuation of ticks in Miyun area.  Methods Ticks were caught with flag method, which were identified by Inverted microscope. The night trapping method was used to catch rats.  The pathogen from ticks and rodents was isolated with BSKⅡculture. The nested PCR was used to do etiological detection. The antibody of B.burgdorferi from goat serum was tested by indirect immunofluorescence. Results Ticks caught in Miyun area were all Haemaphysalis longicornis, which growth curve was obviously seasonal. The rate of ticks bearing pathogen was 10.16% after detection by nested PCR. Apodemus agrarius and Niniventer confucianus were the dominant species in the area, and the rate of rodents bearing pathogen was  4.26%.  The  positive  rate  of  goats  stocked  in  the  local  was  12.00%.  Conclusion The  specific fragment of B.burgdorferi was found in ticks and rodents, which showed that Miyun area maybe one of the epidemic focus of Lyme disease.

【Abstract】 Objective To learn the infection status of Lyme disease in Diebu county, the change of natural focus and the situation of the host infected by Lyme disease. Methods The antibody of Borrelia burgdoferi in the crowd serum was detected by immunofluorescence, and the spirochete DNA was tested with PCR. Results A total of 522 serums were sampled from the people in 5 forestry centres and 7 villages of Dieby county, and the antibodies of B.burgdoferi were positive in 57 serums with the positive rate of 10.92%. Sixty nine species of rat-shapes were captured, and the average capture rate was 15.33%. Among them, there were 25 Niniventer confucianus Hodgsons,18 Rattus norvegicus Berkenhouts, 15 Apodemus specious Temminck, 9 Apodemus specious Linnaeus, 1 Mus musculus and 1 Apodemus agrarius Pallas, which accounted for 36.23%, 26.09%, 21.74%, 13.04%, 1.45% and 1.45%, respectively. Six spleens and five kidnies were positive in 62 rats?spleens and 66 rat-kidnies, and the positive rate was 15.15%（10/66）. The positive samples included  6  R.niviventer  Hodgsons,  2  R.norvegicus  Berkenhouts, 1 A.specious Temminck and 1 A.specious Linnaeus three strains of B.burgdoferi were isolated from rats kidnies and bladders with BSK culture medium. Conclusion The natural foci of Lyme disease were widely distributed in Diebu county, and the infection rate in the crowd was higher.

Objective To provide useful information for prevention and control of Lyme disease by investigating geographic distribution,medical vector,animal host and pathological separation of Lyme disease in Shandong province.Methods IFA was used to test antibody of Borrelia burgdorferi.DFA was used to determine the dominant tick and the rate of its carrying B.burgdorferi.We isolate and culture pathogen with BSK medium.DFA was also used to investigate host animals.Results 1934 sera were examined,121 of which were positive and the infection ratio was 6.26%;The infection ratio of the east,the south,the middle,the west-north of Shandong province was 5.76%,7.03%,0 and 9.81%,respectively.There was no significant difference between the age groups( P>0.05).The infection ratio was 5.56% for men,and 6.98% for women,and there was no statistis significant difference between them. The investigation showed that the dominant tick specie was Haemaphysalis longicornis in Shandong province.12.00 percent of H.longicornis contained spirachetes as determined by direct immunolfluorescence test.The investigation of animal host showed that 13.26 percent of rodents carried B.burgdorferi,of which Mus musculus was found as the dominant species,accounting for 45.65% and the germ-carrying rate was 14.24%.Two B.burgdorferi(TSH ₁,TSH ₂) was isolated from 86 H.longicornis cultivation.Conclusion The distribution of ecology environment and vectors in different regions was rather different in the infection of Lyme disease. H.longicornis may play the dominent role in transmission of B.burgdorferi to human in Shandong province.

Objective To understand the gene species of lyme agents and provide basic information for lyme disease prevention and control in Jilin province,we investigated the species and distribution of ticks,isolated bacteria from ticks and identified genomic species of Borrelia burdorferi sensu lato.Methods(1)Ticks were caught with flagging method;(2)BSKⅡculture medium was used to isolate the agent,specific McAbs were used to identify the bacteria;(3)PCR-RFLP method was used to identify the species of spirochetes.Results Ticks collected from 11 areas of Jilin province were classified in to two species, Ixodes persulcatus Schulzeand Haemaphysalis concinna Kock.We got seven spirochetes from I.persulcatus Schulze,six strains were belong to B.garinii,another strain is B.afzelii. Conclusion The main vector of lyme disease in Jilin province maybe is I.persulcatus Schulze.There are at least two gene species, B.garinii and B.afzelii.These two genespecies are pathogenic to people,so we should improve the prevention and control of lyme disease in Jilin province.

Objective Analysis the result of blood serum test for suspected Lyme disease patients,to clear the clinical manifestation and distributed situation of Lyme disease,and provides scientific basis for diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease.Methods With indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),an investigation on antibodies(IgM,IgG) of Borrelia burgdorferi was carried out in sera of 827 suspected Lyme disease patients.Results From 2001 to 2006,we examined 827 suspected Lyme disease patients,135 patients of them were antibody positive(16.32%).The positive constitution ratio of the neurological disorders,cardiovascular system patients,skin disorders and fever patients was 65.18%(88/344),2.22%(3/39),22.22%(30/193),and 4.44%(6/102),respectively.Five specimens of 105 patients with arthritis was positive.Among the forty-four psychiatric derangements,three specimens was positive.Ninety-two percent of the total 135 positive patients had good curative effects after the treatment of antibiotic.There are Lyme disease in eighteen provinces,metropolises and autonomous regions in China.There are more confirm cases in Heilongjiang,Jilin,Neimenggu,Xinjiang than Qinghai,Sichuan,Guizhou,Yunnan,Zhejiang and so on.Conclusion There are lots of sporadic cases of Lyme disease in China,we can find out these patients early by blood serum test,and improved the efficient of diagnosis and treatment.